Biochemistry
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PistonHeads
Cars, cars and cars
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BIOCHEMISTRY
Nucleic Acid Chemistry
Aminoadenine (2,6-Diaminopurine)
A viral twist in DNA's alphabet boosts survival and defies immune detection
10 hours ago
0
How does the substitution of adenine with aminoadenine in bacteriophage DNA affect the virus's interaction with its host?
It makes the viral DNA more prone to damage by host enzymes.
It has no significant effect on viral DNA stability or host interactions.
It increases DNA stability and helps the virus evade host immune enzymes.
S
Stevek113
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BIOCHEMISTRY
Metabolic Pathways
Acetyl-CoA
Acetyl-CoA acts as a metabolic crossroads linking fuel sources and biosynthesis
13 hours ago
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Why is acetyl-CoA considered a central molecule in metabolism?
Because it only stores energy without participating in other metabolic pathways
Because it can freely cross mitochondrial membranes to transport energy
Because it integrates carbohydrate, lipid, and protein metabolism by delivering acetyl groups to the citric acid cycle and serving as a precursor for biosynthesis
B
Bonbo
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BIOCHEMISTRY
Enzymology
Cytochrome P450
Enzymes that detoxify chemicals are surprisingly absent in some common bacteria
23 hours ago
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Why are Cytochrome P450 enzymes critical for detoxification in mammals?
Because they break down all bacterial proteins to prevent infection.
Because they are present in all organisms, including bacteria like Escherichia coli.
Because they hydroxylate xenobiotics, making them more hydrophilic and easier to excrete.
B
Brewster
Brewster
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BIOCHEMISTRY
Metabolic Pathways
Glycolysis
Glycolysis powers life by turning sugar into energy without oxygen
44 hours ago
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What is the primary trade-off in the glycolysis reaction pathway?
Glycolysis produces oxygen as a byproduct to generate energy
Initial ATP investment is required to activate glucose before net ATP gain
Glycolysis only occurs in the presence of oxygen
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Piston1
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BIOLOGY
Biochemistry
Lipase
Lipases activate only at fat-water boundaries, unlocking vital energy from fats
2 days ago
0
Why are lipases activated only at the oil-water interface rather than in purely aqueous environments?
Because they function better in acidic environments found only at fat surfaces.
Because their catalytic activity requires adsorption to fat surfaces to target lipid substrates effectively.
Because they are inhibited by water and only work in dry conditions.
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Underground
Underground music and art
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BIOCHEMISTRY
Metabolism
Acetyl-CoA
Acetyl-CoA acts as the metabolic crossroads linking energy production and biosynthesis
4 days ago
0
Why is acetyl-CoA considered a central molecule in metabolism?
Because it links the metabolism of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins by delivering acetyl groups to the citric acid cycle and biosynthetic pathways.
Because it stores energy directly in the form of ATP within cells.
Because it only participates in carbohydrate metabolism and has no role in lipid or protein metabolism.
S
Stevek113
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BIOCHEMISTRY
Metabolic Pathways
Citric Acid Cycle
Ancient metabolic crossroads where energy and biosynthesis collide in living cells
4 days ago
0
How does the citric acid cycle balance its dual roles in energy production and biosynthesis?
By only focusing on ATP production and ignoring biosynthesis during high energy demand.
By regulating the flow of metabolites to either produce ATP or supply precursors for amino acids depending on cellular needs.
By following a fixed, unchanging pathway that always produces the same outputs regardless of conditions.
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Bonbo
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BIOCHEMISTRY
Cell Signaling
Cyclic Guanosine Monophosphate (cGMP)
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Tiny messenger cGMP controls muscle relaxation and signals disease states
4 days ago
The battle between cellular signals often hinges on tiny molecules like cyclic guanosine monophosphate, or cGMP, which plays a pivotal role in how cells respond to their environment. Unlike the more famous cyclic AMP, cGMP...
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SteveO1
Technology and cars
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BIOLOGY
Biochemistry
Glucose
Glucose fuels life’s energy and builds the world’s most abundant carbohydrate
5 days ago
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What dual roles does glucose play in living organisms that create a critical balance for survival?
It only provides energy by being directly consumed as food without structural functions.
It serves as a source of energy through ATP production and as a building block for cellulose in plants.
Glucose is only important for animals and has no role in plants.
B
Bonbo
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BIOCHEMISTRY
Pharmacology
Phase I Metabolic Reactions
Ancient enzymes transform modern drugs, sometimes creating unexpected toxic byproducts
5 days ago
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Why are Phase I metabolic reactions essential before Phase II conjugation in drug metabolism?
Because Phase I reactions directly excrete drugs without further modification.
Because Phase I reactions always detoxify drugs without producing any reactive intermediates.
Because Phase I reactions introduce or expose functional groups that increase drug polarity, enabling effective conjugation in Phase II.
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Steeeve
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BIOLOGY
Biochemistry
Glycogen
Glycogen’s branching design lets your body unleash energy in seconds during a sprint
5 days ago
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Why is glycogen’s multibranched structure critical for its function in energy storage and release?
Because it allows enzymes to simultaneously access multiple glucose ends, enabling rapid glucose release.
Because it makes glycogen more compact, allowing unlimited storage capacity.
Because it prevents glycogen from being broken down too quickly, ensuring slow energy release.
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Bonbo
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BIOCHEMISTRY
Carbohydrates
Monosaccharides
Simple sugars shaped the blueprint of life’s energy and genetic code
5 days ago
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How does the number of carbon atoms in a monosaccharide influence its biological role?
It determines the sugar's classification and affects its function in metabolism and genetic material synthesis.
It only affects the sugar's sweetness but not its biological function.
All monosaccharides have the same number of carbon atoms and identical roles in the body.
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Stevex
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BIOLOGY
Biochemistry
Lipids
Lipids wield a double-edged sword, vital for life yet linked to disease risks
5 days ago
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What is a major trade-off in the biological roles of lipids?
They only serve as energy storage molecules without other significant roles.
They are essential for cell structure and signaling but can contribute to diseases when in excess.
All lipids are harmful and should be avoided in the diet.
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FordMotor
Ford makes good cars for great people. This is the page for our new F1 team.
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SCIENCE
Biochemistry
Ernst Chain and Penicillin
The battle to turn penicillin from mold to medicine hinged on one biochemist's relentless precision
6 days ago
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What was the main challenge Ernst Chain faced in making penicillin a practical medicine?
Isolating and purifying penicillin to make it stable and usable
Discovering penicillin mold on a petri dish
Inventing a synthetic version of penicillin from scratch
J
Johnbarrow
John from Bartow
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BIOCHEMISTRY
Cellular Biology
Antioxidants
Invisible defenders extend life of cells and everyday products by halting molecular decay
6 days ago
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Why are antioxidants crucial in both biological systems and industrial applications?
Because they accelerate oxidation to strengthen materials and cells.
Because they prevent oxidative damage by neutralizing free radicals, protecting cells and preserving materials.
Because they create free radicals that help in cellular signaling and food preservation.
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Steeeve
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BIOCHEMISTRY
Fatty Acid Chemistry
Branched-Chain Fatty Acids
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Branched-chain fatty acids reshape cell membranes, balancing rigidity and flexibility in a molecular tug-of-war
6 days ago
Branched-chain fatty acids (BCFAs) challenge the simplistic view that all fatty acids are straight chains, revealing a fascinating complexity in lipid biology. Unlike their straight-chain counterparts, BCFAs contain one or more methyl branches along their...
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Bonbo
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BIOLOGY
Biochemistry
Thrombin
The enzyme that can save your life by stopping bleeding can also cause deadly clots if unchecked
7 days ago
0
What is the primary reason thrombin must be tightly regulated in the body?
Because excessive thrombin activity can cause dangerous blood clots leading to heart attacks or strokes.
Because thrombin only functions outside the bloodstream and needs to be controlled to prevent tissue damage.
Because thrombin is only involved in inflammation and does not affect blood clotting.
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Steve0000
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BIOCHEMISTRY
Enzymology
Adenylate Cyclase
Adenylate cyclase acts as a molecular switchboard controlling vital cellular signals
8 days ago
0
How does adenylate cyclase amplify cellular signals?
By converting ATP into cyclic AMP, which acts as a second messenger to propagate signals inside the cell
By directly binding to DNA to regulate gene expression
By breaking down cyclic AMP to terminate signaling
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